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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 ; ]8 T G5 e$ _
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China" O2 h0 w( @0 g- b! T
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
: [& Z& e# `. c9 o5 v4 X$ RFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.* Q+ H$ b k1 o' E* I6 @
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of$ p6 [+ ?" m4 B( \6 u
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China., L: k% l) Z4 S7 @* X8 _
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
3 I$ m5 K; _# k4 ~! ^Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 20183 m. k( I% @* c1 g6 J* k. x8 Y
Published online 26 January 2018
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Abstract
0 P9 Y; x5 s0 [8 ]( B& {! EJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
( _1 E/ t8 s4 K3 T% F+ }! IDynasty who came to China and was employed by The: B% R6 W+ k, H9 q1 i( n6 I
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been2 i H* ]! ?, m& u2 G- c% C
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not! g {+ J4 [7 o
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
9 l2 `3 H- I: i4 }* Aworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
. q$ ]" p* q9 M! `' b* [to the standardization of the scientific terminology
- p8 r4 z1 L: A$ R3 O1 W# m6 G* {( Gtranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s! j/ s, V1 O4 x
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,7 |; q* A1 ?7 K: c2 O. m) ^
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
5 ~! U* A m6 y4 O% B/ m- Wstandardization of the scientific terminology translation
$ I' m! @1 ^- x/ x( S% N) hin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien2 r& S' H$ Y" M$ U& N# N+ n" f' ^( e
he established had helped greatly with the popularization
; V% j. x6 m; mof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring; R' W' a3 }( T& Z" v: Q
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way7 B8 c9 v# A8 B
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
/ S: f5 G( r; R( Fthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
+ m+ N. U7 v" igreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific2 s7 }+ B/ t0 A! `9 H5 l
terminology. @) i6 T! g' q, b& O
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;( U* G" v g% ^- W5 f% I
Standardization of terminology translation
8 v* P! ~8 r! hYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
7 U1 K! |0 _1 t; g6 Q7 g8 OStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern# W8 |# N4 Q8 N9 e4 O
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
; `( u% U7 W5 X" C6 N. Ufrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213$ r7 K5 b ~" m8 F- h! a1 B7 N
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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INTRODUCTION( [2 u1 J: B) i! M9 T: H
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
% t5 e, l/ Y1 M( H8 l% h2 H0 ea great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
# M$ ?* y" B' s/ [7 h' P5 Z( ~Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to( J8 F5 @; w, ?$ }+ N
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
/ G d; G; K5 O' ^/ }+ I- U! xSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
# u$ f" p" R a; {0 J9 Jby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
+ A' l; ~4 |; R" F: e2 ]an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
9 C% X) o- r" q3 ~: K/ P' Q8 D( Dhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
4 r2 c, O1 |, _% L G3 s) U4 B+ s1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific2 b( y" L" b5 m1 \1 N
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,3 u) T Q" V# t2 L4 e* E3 U
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.* u; m, L) S; O5 H
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
2 r7 v, \+ D) F% ~4 Q1 U& Vto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
% |5 p* {% E ~6 O' T+ _would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,$ g+ `0 q$ d9 v# L
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
2 B& L( V( ^9 y" y% t' I- l. fFryer translated more than one hundred of Western- W) M4 {' Z; ]1 n
books that made him the most productive one among the0 ?# i- _3 I: C" b
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,& l4 q" z5 t9 D7 Z& }' L
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
' w: N# ], a Y1 F1 t# U5 W$ Rnoble work which could help accelerate the process of
, j+ n& v. d# K% A7 w4 h$ kpeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).1 F8 e. \% o" @9 W; Z/ o7 r6 H
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer0 h: K% m+ d( @) m0 ^
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
k% C/ Y& P* f1 ^& d9 F! Bscience and the standardization of translated scientific
3 ~) t1 P1 h* H* Rterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific' |& I- [2 l- p9 P3 r; a
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the% t# F4 r) d7 e9 v6 I, ^5 L- g
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
4 `7 [; e: b8 y. T& rcontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
4 B$ S$ h }/ U8 c; |% lof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
% X6 d. J) x4 ]% N, r2 YModern China.
2 h2 u( A/ M! @2 \" ~. `3 }% [An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
- E" l& g- w& L% ^The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of e/ E& n7 ^# t, a+ u/ g
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
3 F Q* {& @6 q4 h# }) a2 da lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
1 f0 `* h/ A- B0 i2 v; pJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
& L1 g# T7 w% E: OTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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