孩子多大可以独自在家

梦舟

转自 51.CA
孩子多大可以独自在家
$ O- O4 `, ~6 J- I8 }6 R& _/ U2014年3月1日 | 分类: 教育

& B; ?% f# |/ `+ s8 l经常有朋友问我，孩子多大可以让他单独上学放学？多大可以独自留在家里？和许多移民一样，我一直以为十二岁是转折点。后来查找了一些资料和询问了在学习家庭法的朋友，才找到以下答案。这个答案是在儿童保护福利会安省分部的网站上，网址如下：http://www.oacas.org/childwelfare/faqs.htm
At what age can a child be left home alone?
3 I) S% a* w" A3 eThe Child and Family Services Act does not identify an age when a child can be left alone, or an age at which a child can supervise or babysit other children. The Act recognizes that age alone is not a sufficient safeguard for the supervision of children.The Act says that a person who has charge of a child less than 16 years of age cannot leave the child without making provision for his/her care or supervision that is reasonable under the circumstances. Anyone who contravenes this provision is guilty of a provincial offence and if convicted is liable to a fine of up to $1,000 and/or imprisonment of up to a year. In addition, the Criminal Code of Canada includes the offence of abandoning a child. Everyone who unlawfully abandons or exposes a child who is under the age of 10 years, so that its life is or is likely to be endangered, or its health is or is likely to be permanently injured is guilty of an offence that carries a penalty of imprisonment of not more than two years.If you’re unsure as to whether it’s okay to leave your child home alone, please consult with your local Children’s Aid Society — you don’t have to give your name, or any identifying information.
  }. {: {3 u- g上面一段话的意思，是说家庭法没有明确规定什么年龄的儿童能够无人监管或者看护其他小孩。法律认为光凭年龄不能作为断定儿童是否有足够安全保障的指标。作为一个监护人，必须为十六岁岁以下未成年人提供符合当时情况的合理安排，违法者按照安省法律将处以罚款甚至坐牢。“合理”这个词是因情况而定的。对于十岁以下的儿童，成年人如果置儿童的安全或健康于危险之中，将会受刑法检控。至于何种情况为之合理，有疑问的父母可以匿名致电儿童保护福利机构询问。电话在上面给出的官方网址里可以查到。
+ N; ^8 [0 b/ }5 v8 k" |我以前接送大米上学放学时，经常看到同校有其他孩子独自来往，年龄也就是九岁十岁左右。小学一般离家里都比较近，显然他的父母认为孩子的体力心智到了可以胜任独自来往这一段路，而且也可能给孩子提供了紧急情况下的求救或者联系方式，给其他邻居打过招呼，那么就算是提供了“合理的安排”。孩子在没有大人的情况下遭受意外，在正常情况下不会是父母本意，法律的执行是判断大人是“故意”，“疏忽”还是“意外”。然而法律再周密，也无法阻止有些大人毫无常识和理由地把年幼（两三岁）的小孩独自留在极度高温或者低温的停车场车子里，自己独自去购物。也有另一个极端的父母，儿子已经上大学了，也是好青年一枚。父母总是不放心，去哪里非亲自开车接送，还在他手机上偷偷设置了定位系统，通过无线网络跟踪他的去向。
为什么我们都有十二岁分界的错觉？我觉得这是从门票，车票还有一些场所的管理条例里得来的。这些条列通常以十二岁来界定是按照成人还是小孩管理和收费。如果你打算开始让孩子尝试独自在家，可以让他们先去上社区或者红十字会举办的Home Alone课程，半天的时间，让他们与同龄人一起，掌握必须的安全和求生知识。独立是一个学习和锻炼的过程，有惊有喜，希望各位喜多余惊吧。

wec080

Alberta 的信息在这里
http://www.programs.alberta.ca/L ... 70+9252&id=1765

“。。。There is no law in Alberta that specifies at what age children can be left alone. When considering leaving a child unsupervised, age and maturity are important factors in assessing whether care and supervision is adequate. Many Albertans expect families to arrange care or supervision for children left alone under the age of 12.  
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$ c0 C0 b' ]3 {4 OIf a child is in an unsafe situation, a child intervention worker has the ability to investigate and support the parents to take action to ensure the child is protected. If you believe a child is unsafe, refer the matter to your local Child and Family Services Authority or to the Child Abuse Hotline (1-800-387-5437).。。。”