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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688" {9 l1 }/ ]5 k
! O9 }' D8 w6 H6 U7 \& ]7 rJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
/ t' ?, C' u! A0 B$ f5 ], T" s3 F9 RYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
3 a' q' C- ?5 f7 [* bFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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6 Q5 m3 ?2 b5 S, h' v; e! vLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of3 G% f% I; O2 C3 G7 W
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.' b2 R8 t, P. y! f* z* W" u+ M0 V, S! G% K
1 {4 K2 X9 g. c! u( qSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) ./ [5 \% G/ |. m+ z
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018* I3 m# v( W! \
Published online 26 January 2018
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Abstract
+ O& h. ~8 O; ]/ ^John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing# b& \& `# f( o& S! q& Y6 k
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
- ~7 Q; ^5 w" j* p5 z2 aTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been9 U6 G/ q( w! c% n9 I
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
; v- h! q9 o4 j& ^9 konly having translated a great deal of Western scientific
4 x' c5 o I3 z d# m, r% Vworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly4 B* q9 z* h; T& Y- _
to the standardization of the scientific terminology% M. z9 u, R$ Q0 V1 @3 L
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s$ k/ N/ V1 J1 w* ^
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
/ h5 ^( s1 F ]" n) q' Iand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
- x( g* ~, V9 G* z( l( Y" Tstandardization of the scientific terminology translation2 L) ?& F: }1 J1 G' d% \3 b
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
7 E+ v+ x7 D8 j1 v+ s$ R+ K8 ahe established had helped greatly with the popularization
* }& d p! n1 U8 _% m7 L% Kof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
6 {/ R6 g; k9 ]+ @+ M3 l/ \the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
- I4 r [8 g* O, ufor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
K1 x- h1 M. j) J& Q5 g% Gthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
, c! C9 S6 s8 A6 y% Y0 Igreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
& _2 B& m, k1 ]terminology.; o7 O0 b: Y6 a& q
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;: s2 k9 O) e" u
Standardization of terminology translation$ @+ L0 ~+ D \; N. b* @( T( A
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to: Y2 B" C0 ^2 s, |
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
3 E$ H& L% p3 [3 \2 \+ q8 qChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available8 o* \' A5 t4 { K0 o
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213: S3 i# f& d( N/ b" [/ i3 B2 \
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213+ I& x3 N! w) f0 `' l4 Z
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INTRODUCTION
H9 n' x! v X; @7 W' PJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
' H% F! o* g; j' ^/ Sa great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).+ }1 V7 U" C6 y# |4 y6 Q! x5 A9 u2 S
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
1 f5 w" ~9 i" z& c* a" J. |Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
) T5 i7 G! z' R3 U5 M: |. fSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed+ E4 f& l5 {- V) u7 l* M
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
) h' C. q; C8 R3 y+ pan editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
9 N0 ]& z2 h3 Y u% Dhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
1 W) a$ U1 R1 l1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
# u5 `* ?& D0 E0 o* j) f; i0 y$ J! jworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
; R8 Z! d J8 e. SFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
+ f9 H( ]$ a) b( hNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
" l/ B- u `9 S* Nto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
& a. f( o' F) ~' S a- _would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
4 F+ |2 s* ^ O( c. ~& c- Srevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
0 D- H& a6 K9 K& J' E0 v2 \Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
' H* F4 P4 P* L! u1 v, D6 mbooks that made him the most productive one among the
; r6 j" m& t7 S+ e, \* O1 rforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,: e% V2 t' m i8 q- f4 T! G
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
7 P5 t0 }) ~* @0 r6 X4 }) rnoble work which could help accelerate the process of i6 G+ @; K* {. a
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).6 d3 W: n/ t4 Z# u) ^. ^/ L) n
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer7 X( R4 h" }# t9 @5 I& C
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western" G* |5 V0 \% E" z; ?) G" r: N2 S$ L
science and the standardization of translated scientific
8 H& e' `* Y" w' L. Rterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
; j' [0 E; V3 y4 L3 }* j# Emagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the! K! {6 h J' B2 U$ S+ ~
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another+ c6 d- F3 O5 Z1 Q4 A. Z- K3 Z5 `
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series& W3 p# B/ K/ ~6 g4 p: B: U
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in* ^( e0 B3 S7 {4 y" }5 ?, q1 H
Modern China.
: ]( y4 A R0 [( b4 bAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published& g! l) j+ }; @; E, R% H$ m
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
) S1 E" t5 D n' E" Utravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
3 g4 i3 Z) q9 O5 m# qa lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
! {9 K8 t; x) |' W4 WJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and: n3 m! {2 E2 \
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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