 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
How to figure a home's fundamental value/ Y) D. h3 @+ T0 ^; r5 Z
Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.
: ~ y6 V% p0 l) D! H+ ]8 F/ @! E+ k, P0 [; P! Z
Not everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.4 W0 W! @ O: [$ f5 v& J; [
4 E2 L7 s- u0 H3 _) k6 g7 y- mLeamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.
1 E! l6 [9 `2 G1 o$ b# q; ~. ^" V0 ?& a4 R) u0 Y
To calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:
$ }8 P* D" d. V* K" Q8 Q9 G
; a: g! ^& ^& f' {1 c& ~
9 g: M- b( r6 |" N8 ]0 U% WIn Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.
7 F' C6 g7 s& P9 _. j6 S. Q5 M; _8 A3 Y1 T4 H9 _! a
San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.
$ c# y$ W1 B/ O1 N5 w3 GSan Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.
r+ o% y, Q5 ?! u r, @- Z9 VNew York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.
; [8 y) |0 i! O) Y6 K- q3 B5 {You don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble. 0 \0 B# y! C) _$ J% h0 N: H7 {
9 O9 J$ J: a+ ?" \+ p- ?If home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.6 K3 E: A4 @6 G( i5 s
9 d4 s# H- w, i2 m8 vIf home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.
3 {5 b/ G- n( o0 |% D$ Z5 d/ E. N
Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas ; f7 G; ^; l1 U5 x' d4 _
Avg. 1988-2000 2001
' H9 c1 V F5 E* B* MBoston 20.5 30.2 " C6 z6 }$ B# L' M6 P6 x
San Diego 22.8 29.7 ; U/ ]* M( Q* b; d
San Francisco 23.8 27.2
( N e. G! E- n% DLos Angeles 21.3 25.6
0 ]5 z3 S0 k* D: q- g, LSeattle 20.4 25 2 W: V0 M! D# i& |/ E4 s
Denver 17.7 23.7 1 r$ J' n+ T- M: ]5 i3 W
New York 21.2 22.5
* y) M- C+ a+ c7 s* Z% `; ^Chicago 17.2 20.8 1 a3 @7 n4 w% I' a$ U/ O% g5 b) N
Washington, D.C. 17.1 20.4 0 d3 g9 a$ _( M8 v/ t. ^
2 Z: z, W. H, m* J% h
2 D+ C: x( D& S/ X# Z- G! a; h! D2 `6 R. o. \" W
It's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.
, ]9 H% z, i! K. G3 P, @
; ?. O7 U" c J& Q0 W+ {/ t/ p
8 h E, L" j% R+ BFrom: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
|